I. \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TE OLMAYAN VAKIF Y\u00dcKSEK\u00d6\u011eRET\u0130M KURUMLARI
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de iki t\u00fcr y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumu vard\u0131r.
\nBunlar;
\nDevlet taraf\u0131ndan, yasa ile kurulan, kamu t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fine ve bilimsel \u00f6zerkli\u011fe sahip \u201c\u00fcniversiteler\u201d;
\n\u00f6tekisi ise, kazan\u00e7 amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmamak ko\u015fulu ile, yasada g\u00f6sterilen usullere g\u00f6re, vak\u0131flar taraf\u0131ndan, devletin g\u00f6zetim ve denetimine ba\u011fl\u0131 kurulabilen \u201cy\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131\u201d\u2019d\u0131r.(Bkz.Anayasa Md. 130).<\/p>\n
E\u011fer Anayasay\u0131 ciddiye al\u0131rsak, vak\u0131flar taraf\u0131ndan kurulan y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131; \u201ckamu t\u00fczel ki\u015filikli\u011fi ve bilimsel \u00f6zerkli\u011fe\u201d sahip kurumlardan olmad\u0131klar\u0131ndan \u00fcniversite olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lamazlar.
\nAnayasan\u0131n 130. Maddesinde yer alan \u201cY\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 ve \u00dcst Kurulu\u015flar\u0131\u201d, Cumhuriyetin Temel Organlar\u0131ndan \u201cY\u00fcr\u00fctme Organ\u0131\u201d i\u00e7inde \u201c\u0130dare\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Vak\u0131flar taraf\u0131ndan kurulacak y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcniversite say\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka kural, Anayasan\u0131n, \u201cD. Kamu Hizmeti G\u00f6revlileriyle \u0130lgili H\u00fck\u00fcmler\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda yer alan 128. maddesindeki \u201cGenel \u0130lkeler\u201ddir.
\nAynen aktar\u0131yorum:
\n\u201cMadde 128-Devletin, kamu iktisadi te\u015febb\u00fcsleri ve di\u011fer kamu t\u00fczel ki\u015filerinin genel idare esaslar\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fctmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olduklar\u0131 kamu hizmetlerinin gerektirdi\u011fi asli ve s\u00fcrekli g\u00f6revler, memurlar ve di\u011fer kamu g\u00f6revlileri eliyle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Memurlar\u0131n ve di\u011fer kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin nitelikleri, atanmalar\u0131, g\u00f6rev ve yetkileri, haklar\u0131 ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, ayl\u0131k ve \u00f6denekleri ve di\u011fer \u00f6zl\u00fck i\u015fleri kanunla d\u00fczenlenir\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
Vak\u0131f Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131, TOBB \u00c7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Meclisi\u201d olarak yer almaktad\u0131r. Konumuz, vak\u0131f y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131 \u00fccretleri oldu\u011fundan, \u015fimdilik bu tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 burada kesiyorum.<\/p>\n
II. EL, CEP, ANAYASA YAKAN \u00dcCRETLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
2024-25 Akademik y\u0131l\u0131na ili\u015fkin y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131na se\u00e7me s\u0131navlar\u0131 sonlanmas\u0131ndan sonra, merkezi yerle\u015ftirme d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalacak \u00f6\u011frenci adaylar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6nelebilecekleri vak\u0131f y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fccret tarifeleri, toplumun g\u00fcndeminin ilk s\u0131ralar\u0131na yerle\u015fti.
\nY\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fccretin milyona varmas\u0131, vak\u0131f y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 \u201cticari i\u015fletmeye\u201d, \u00f6\u011frencileri ise \u201cm\u00fc\u015fteriye\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmesi, ba\u015fat sorun olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.
\n44 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcniversitede ge\u00e7irmi\u015f biri olarak, bu sorunun \u00fczerine e\u011filme gere\u011fini duydum.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim, Anayasan\u0131n 130 uncu maddesine g\u00f6re, \u201charca\u201d konu bir kamu hizmeti olarak tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, 27\/11\/1992 g\u00fcnl\u00fc 2843 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cY\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131nda \u0130kili \u00d6\u011fretim Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Yasas\u0131 ile \u201c\u00d6\u011frenim \u00dccreti \/ Paral\u0131 Sistem\u201d getirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kinci \u00f6\u011frenim \u00fccretinin taban\u0131, normal-\u00f6rg\u00fcn \u00f6\u011fretim i\u00e7in belirlenen \u201ccari hizmet maliyetlerinin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan az olamaz\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Har\u00e7, \u00f6\u011frenim \u00fccreti ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, 13\/02\/2011 g\u00fcnl\u00fc 6111 S.Y.\u2019n\u0131n 172. maddesi ile ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r iken, 2547 Say\u0131l\u0131 Yasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 46. maddesi, \u201cCari hizmet maliyetinin hesaplanmas\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenci katk\u0131 paylar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenim \u00fccretleri\u201d olarak yeni ba\u015ftan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu maddeye g\u00f6re, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm \u00f6\u011frencilerden(devlet yada vak\u0131f y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n), her bir d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in, birinci \u00f6\u011fretimde, \u201c\u00f6\u011frenci katk\u0131 pay\u0131\u201d,ikinci \u00f6\u011fretim, a\u00e7\u0131k ve uzaktan \u00f6\u011fretimde ise, \u201c\u00f6\u011frenim \u00fccreti\u201dal\u0131n\u0131r.
\nBunlar ise, Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurulunca hesaplanan \u201c\u00f6\u011frenci ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen cari hizmet maliyetleri\u201d g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak, her y\u0131l Haziran Ay\u0131 sonuna kadar, Devlet taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanacak k\u0131s\u0131m da i\u00e7inde olmak \u00fczere, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmektedir.<\/p>\n
\u201c2024-2025 E\u011fitim-\u00d6\u011fretim Y\u0131l\u0131nda Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131nda Cari Hizmet Maliyetlerine \u00d6\u011frenci Katk\u0131s\u0131 Olarak Al\u0131nacak Katk\u0131 Paylar\u0131 ve \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dccretlerinin Tespitine Dair 8703 Say\u0131l\u0131 Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Karar\u0131\u201d, 2 Temmuz 2024 G\u00fcnl\u00fc R.G\u2019de yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Karara, \u201cMerkezi Yerle\u015ftirme Esaslar\u0131na G\u00f6re, Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131na Yerle\u015ftirilen \u00d6\u011frencilerin \u00d6\u011frenci Katk\u0131 Pay\u0131n\u0131, \u00d6\u011frenim \u00dccretlerini,\u201di\u00e7eren iki cetvel eklenmi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.
\n2024-2025 E\u011fitim-\u00d6\u011fretim Y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n cari hizmet maliyetlerine birinci \u00f6\u011fretimde ve a\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6\u011fretimde Devlet\/Vak\u0131f ve \u00f6\u011frenci taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak katk\u0131 pay\u0131 tutarlar\u0131 I Say\u0131l\u0131 Cetvelde, ikinci \u00f6\u011fretim ve uzaktan \u00f6\u011fretim \u00f6\u011frencilerinin \u00f6\u011frenim \u00fccreti tutarlar\u0131 II Say\u0131l\u0131 Cetvelde yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Karara g\u00f6re, 2024-2025 E\u011fitim-\u00d6\u011fretim Y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenimini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren yada yeni kay\u0131t yapt\u0131racak birinci \u00f6\u011fretim ve a\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6\u011fretim \u00f6\u011frencilerinden \u00f6\u011frenci katk\u0131 pay\u0131 al\u0131nmayacak, t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Devlet kar\u015f\u0131layacakt\u0131r.
\n\u00d6ncelikle bunun, Anayasan\u0131n \u201cyasa \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik ilkesine\u201d ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu not d\u00fc\u015fmek isterim.
\nBir ba\u015fka \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fl\u0131k, Uzaktan \u00d6\u011fretim ve \u0130kinci \u00d6\u011fretim Program\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6\u011fretim, \u00f6\u011frenim \u00fccretinin, \u00f6\u011frenci cari hizmet maliyetinin y\u00fczde 50\u2019sinden az olmamas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.
\nOysa, \u00f6\u011frenci katk\u0131 pay\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenci cari hizmet maliyetinin y\u00fczde 10\u2019nu \u00e7ok ender a\u015fmaktad\u0131r.
\nBirinci \u00d6\u011fretimde, Hukuk, \u0130ktisat Program\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frenci katk\u0131 pay\u0131 1.334.-TL\u2019s\u0131 iken, Uzaktan \u00d6\u011fretim ve \u0130kinci \u00d6\u011fretim \u00f6\u011frenim \u00fccreti 4.998.-TL\u2019s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130kincisi ve g\u00fcncel sorun olan vak\u0131f y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterisi olanlara uygulanan fahi\u015f fiyatt\u0131r.
\nBu, Anayasan\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda \u201cHer T\u00fcrk Yurtta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n,\u2026 onurlu bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme ve \u00f6zdeksel ve tinsel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u2026geli\u015ftirme hak ve yetkisine do\u011fu\u015ftan sahip oldu\u011fu\u201dilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Vak\u0131f Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n kazan\u00e7 amac\u0131 g\u00fcdemeyece\u011fi Anayasa 130\u2019da ve 2547 Say\u0131l\u0131 Yasada yer alm\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.
\nVak\u0131f, T\u00fcrk Uygarl\u0131k Yasas\u0131na g\u00f6re, ger\u00e7ek yada t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin yeterli mal ve haklar\u0131 belirli ve s\u00fcrekli bir amaca \u00f6zg\u00fclemeleri ile olu\u015fan t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fe sahip mal topluluklar\u0131d\u0131r. Ve vak\u0131f y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131, dolanl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde \u201ckamu t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fe\u201d terfi ettirilmi\u015fler, resmi plaka ta\u015f\u0131r k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.
\nBu nedenle, \u00fccret tarifelerinin, \u00fcniversitelerdeki \u201ccari hizmet maliyeti\u201dne e\u015fde\u011fer k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 ve bunun \u00f6\u011frenci ile vak\u0131f t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi aras\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rneklemek isterim.
\n2024-2025 \u00d6\u011fretim Y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in Fak\u00fcltelerin cari hizmet maliyetleri 67.288.-TL\u2019s\u0131 ile T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi ilk s\u0131radad\u0131r.
\nEn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ise, Fen-Edebiyat, \u0130leti\u015fim Fak\u00fcltesi 8.323.-TL\u2019s\u0131d\u0131r.
\nBunlara \u00f6\u011frencinin katk\u0131s\u0131, T\u0131p\u2019ta 2.557.-, F-E\u2019da ise 1.231.-TL\u2019s\u0131d\u0131r.
\nAradaki fark\u0131 devlet \u00f6demektedir.
\nAyn\u0131 tarife, vak\u0131f y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan da uygulanmal\u0131, cari hizmet maliyetinin devlete d\u00fc\u015fen k\u0131sm\u0131 ise, vak\u0131f\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131lanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T.C. Anayasas\u0131\u2019nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, sosyal hukuk devleti ise, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim alan\u0131ndaki kurumla\u015fma ve kuralla\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden kurgulamas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
I. \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TE OLMAYAN VAKIF Y\u00dcKSEK\u00d6\u011eRET\u0130M KURUMLARI T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de iki t\u00fcr y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumu vard\u0131r. Bunlar; Devlet taraf\u0131ndan, yasa ile kurulan, kamu t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fine ve bilimsel \u00f6zerkli\u011fe sahip \u201c\u00fcniversiteler\u201d; \u00f6tekisi ise, kazan\u00e7 amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmamak ko\u015fulu ile, yasada g\u00f6sterilen usullere g\u00f6re, vak\u0131flar taraf\u0131ndan, devletin g\u00f6zetim ve denetimine ba\u011fl\u0131 kurulabilen \u201cy\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131\u201d\u2019d\u0131r.(Bkz.Anayasa Md. 130). E\u011fer Anayasay\u0131 ciddiye al\u0131rsak, vak\u0131flar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":78963,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-add-kurucu-uyesi-prof-dr-mustafa-altintas"],"views":21880,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78945"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78945\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78963"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}