Say\u0131n Emin K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 soruyor:
\nSORU: Malko\u00e7o\u011flu gibi tarih\u00ee filmleri izledi\u011fimizde Ak\u0131nc\u0131lardan s\u00f6z ediliyor.
\n\u00d6yle ki Ak\u0131nc\u0131 olmak isteyenler bir \u00e7ok s\u0131navlardan ge\u00e7iriliyor\u2026
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n dur durak bilmeden tek ba\u015f\u0131na at ko\u015fturmalar\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015fmanlarla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girmeleri bana heyecan veriyor.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar \u00fczerine \u015fiir yazan \u00fcnl\u00fc \u015fairleri de hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum.
\n\u201cBin atl\u0131 ak\u0131nlarda \u00e7ocuklar gibi \u015fendik\u2026\u201ddiye ba\u015flayan dizelerde de kalabal\u0131k ak\u0131nc\u0131 gruplar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ediliyor.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun par\u00e7as\u0131 olan d\u00fczenli birlikler midir?
\nYoksa baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n iddia etti\u011fi gibi bir \u00e7apulcu grubu mudur?
\nYoksa filmlerde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi vatan i\u00e7in tek ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fman \u00fczerine sald\u0131ran serdenge\u00e7tiler midir?
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131 anlat\u0131r m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?
\nCEVAP: Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar soruda bahsedildi\u011fi \u015fekliyle pek \u00e7ok T\u00fcrk filmlerine konu olmu\u015f kahramanlard\u0131r.
\nYahya Kemal Betayl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u015fiiri Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131 pek g\u00fczel \u015fekilde dile getirilmektedir:
\nBin atl\u0131 ak\u0131nlarda \u00e7ocuklar gibi \u015fendik
\nBin atl\u0131 o g\u00fcn dev gibi bir orduyu yendik<\/p>\n
Hayk\u0131rd\u0131, ak tolgal\u0131 beylerbeyi “\u0130lerle!”
\nBir yaz g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7tik Tuna’dan kafilelerle<\/p>\n
\u015eim\u015fek gibi at\u0131ld\u0131k bir semte yedi koldan
\n\u015eim\u015fek gibi T\u00fcrk atlar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi yoldan<\/p>\n
Bir g\u00fcn yine doludizgin atlar\u0131m\u0131zla
\nYerden yedi kat ar\u015fa kanatland\u0131k o h\u0131zla<\/p>\n
Cennette bu g\u00fcn g\u00fclleri a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz de
\nH\u00e2l\u00e2 o k\u0131z\u0131l h\u00e2t\u0131ra gitmez g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczde<\/p>\n
Bin atl\u0131 ak\u0131nlarda \u00e7ocuklar gibi \u015fendik
\nBin atl\u0131 o g\u00fcn dev gibi bir orduyu yendik ”<\/p>\n
Ak\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temeli Osman Gazi d\u00f6neminde K\u00f6se Mihal taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ak\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir ocak \u015feklinde kurulmas\u0131nda da Evrenos beyin b\u00fcy\u00fck eme\u011fi olmu\u015ftur.
\n\u0130lk defa Osman Gazi piyade ve s\u00fcvari askerlerini te\u015fkil edinceye kadar Ak\u0131nc\u0131lardan istifade etmi\u015ftir.
\nOsmanl\u0131 u\u00e7 beyli\u011finin bir devlet haline gelmesinde Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck rol\u00fc vard\u0131r.
\n\u0130lk zamanlarda ak\u0131nc\u0131 beylerinin \u00e7o\u011fu Osman Gazi\u2019nin yolda\u015flar\u0131 olan kumandanlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yd\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131 beyleri istediklerini oca\u011fa al\u0131r, istemediklerini \u00e7\u0131karabilirdi.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131 beyleri, emirleri do\u011frudan do\u011fruya Padi\u015fah\u2019lardan al\u0131rlard\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar; Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n te\u015fkil etti\u011fi ordu birliklerine mensup de\u011fildi. Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131nda, Rumeli\u2019de, serhat boylar\u0131na yak\u0131n yerlerde otururlar ve zaman zaman d\u00fc\u015fman topraklar\u0131na ak\u0131nlar d\u00fczenlerlerdi.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar i\u00e7inde fedai, dalk\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, serdenge\u00e7ti, deli, azap, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc gibi \u015fah\u0131s ve gruplar vard\u0131.
\n\u201cDeli\u201d ad\u0131 verilen ak\u0131nc\u0131lar d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce adeta deliye d\u00f6nerler ve hi\u00e7 kimse onlar\u0131 durduramazd\u0131.
\nOrduyla sefere kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 zaman sava\u015f\u0131n en \u00f6n saf\u0131nda yer al\u0131rlar ve d\u00fc\u015fmana ilk onlar sald\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131.
\nBu grup hi\u00e7 silah kullanmaz, sadece kendilerini savunmak i\u00e7in yanlar\u0131nda kalkan bulundururlar, kalkanlar\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015fman i\u00e7ine dalarlar, kendilerine yap\u0131lan k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 hamlelerini kalkanlar\u0131yla savu\u015fturup, Mermerlere vurarak sertle\u015ftirdikleri kocaman elleriyle d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcnde OSMANLI TOKATI ile \u015fim\u015fekler \u00e7akt\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131.
\nBir avu\u00e7 \u201cDeli\u201d ile ba\u015f edemeyen d\u00fc\u015fman, T\u00fcrk ordusunu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce pani\u011fe kap\u0131l\u0131p gruplar halinde ka\u00e7arlar, sava\u015f\u0131 terk ederlerdi.
\n\u201cDeli\u201d ad\u0131 verilen ak\u0131nc\u0131lar e\u011fersiz ata binerler ve aylarca mermer gibi sert cisimlere vurarak ellerini kat kat nas\u0131r ba\u011flat\u0131rlar d\u00fc\u015fman i\u00e7in k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan daha etkili bir silah haline getirirlerdi.
\n15\u2019inci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonundan itibaren Avrupa\u2019daki s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen ak\u0131nc\u0131 deliler \u201cBayrak\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda 60\u2019ar ki\u015filik ocaklara ayr\u0131l\u0131rlard\u0131.
\nBa\u015flar\u0131ndaki kumandana \u201cDeliba\u015f\u0131\u201d denirdi.
\n16\u2019\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131lda kurt, s\u0131rtlan, pars gibi vah\u015fi hayvanlar\u0131n derilerinden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f elbiseler giyen delilerin atlar\u0131 da her ak\u0131nc\u0131da oldu\u011fu gibi \u00e7evik ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131yd\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k genelde babadan o\u011ful\u2019a ge\u00e7erdi.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131 olabilmenin \u015fartlar\u0131ndan biri de T\u00dcRK olmakt\u0131.
\nDev\u015firmelerden devletin her kademesine hatta Sadrazaml\u0131\u011fa kadar y\u00fckselebilme imk\u00e2n\u0131 varken AKINCI olmalar\u0131 imkans\u0131zd\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n ne k\u0131\u015flas\u0131 vard\u0131, ne de devlet taraf\u0131ndan kendilerine silah, te\u00e7hizat, maa\u015f verilirdi.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar silahlar\u0131n\u0131 kendileri temin ederler ve d\u00fc\u015fmanlardan ald\u0131klar\u0131 ganimetlerle ge\u00e7imlerini sa\u011flarlard\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131 olabilmenin baz\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131 vard\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve gen\u00e7 insanlardan se\u00e7ilirdi. Ak\u0131nc\u0131 aday\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcn imam\u0131n\u0131 veya d\u00fcr\u00fcst birini kefil g\u00f6stermek zorundayd\u0131.
\nD\u00fczenli bir \u015feklinde Ak\u0131nc\u0131 defteri tutulur ve bu defter saklan\u0131rd\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131 beyini devlet tayin ederdi. Ancak ak\u0131nc\u0131lar merkezi idareye ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fillerdi. S\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131nda ocaklar halinde te\u015fkilatlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar devlete vergi vermekten muaf tutulurdu.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n da kendilerine g\u00f6re kanunlar\u0131 ve ordu birlikleri vard\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131 kanununa g\u00f6re; her on ak\u0131nc\u0131ya onba\u015f\u0131, y\u00fcz ak\u0131nc\u0131ya suba\u015f\u0131, bin ak\u0131nc\u0131ya ise binba\u015f\u0131 kumanda ederdi.
\nBir hareketin ak\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 alabilmesi i\u00e7in ak\u0131nc\u0131 beyinin mutlaka bu harekete kat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekirdi.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar bar\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131nda kendi i\u015fleriyle me\u015fgul olurlar, ancak devaml\u0131 at \u00fcst\u00fcnde her t\u00fcrl\u00fc silah\u0131 kullanabilme, y\u00fczme, g\u00fcre\u015f, sarp yerleri a\u015fma talimleri yaparlard\u0131.
\nSava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda as\u0131l ordudan birka\u00e7 g\u00fcnl\u00fck mesafede \u00f6nden giderler, ke\u015fif yaparlar, ordunun ge\u00e7ece\u011fi yerleri emniyet alt\u0131na al\u0131rlar, d\u00fc\u015fmana yap\u0131lacak yard\u0131mlara engel olurlar, yakalad\u0131klar\u0131 esirlerden ald\u0131klar\u0131 bilgileri k\u0131sa zamanda, gelmekte olan as\u0131l birliklere ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n iddia ettikleri gibi s\u0131rf ya\u011fma yapmak i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015fman topraklar\u0131na sald\u0131ran ba\u015f\u0131bozuk serseri g\u00fcruhu de\u011fildir.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar iyi bir plan program ve emir- komuta zinciri i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rev yaparlard\u0131.
\nFilmlerde izledi\u011fimiz gibi Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fman topraklar\u0131na dal\u0131\u015f\u0131 kitle halinde olur, yol kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131, ge\u00e7it ve k\u00f6pr\u00fclerde b\u00f6l\u00fcklere ayr\u0131l\u0131rlard\u0131.
\nSilah ve te\u00e7hizatlar\u0131 uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kale ku\u015fatmalar\u0131na kat\u0131lmazlar ancak Ak\u0131nc\u0131lardan; yerine g\u00f6re serdenge\u00e7tiler, fedailer, dalk\u0131l\u0131\u00e7lar, deliler, azaplar, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kalede yal\u0131n k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 yada sadece kalkanlar\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n aras\u0131na dalarlard\u0131.
\nBunlar \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u015fehit olurlard\u0131.
\nSilahlar\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, kalkan, pala, m\u0131zrak ve topuzdan \u0130baretti.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131lar, Fatih Sultan Mehmet, \u0130kinci Beyaz\u0131t ve Birinci Selim devirlerinde Anadolu\u2019nun do\u011fusundaki devletlerle yap\u0131lan sava\u015flarda aktif rol oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.
\nFetihler d\u00f6neminin en g\u00f6zde insanlar\u0131 ak\u0131nc\u0131lard\u0131.
\nFetihler d\u00f6neminin sona ermesiyle Ak\u0131nc\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131nda azalma g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f say\u0131lar\u0131 bazen elli bini bulan Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131lar\u0131 azal\u0131nca da eski Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar g\u00f6r\u00fclmez olmu\u015ftu.
\nOsmanl\u0131larda Ak\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k 1595 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yakla\u015f\u0131k 250 sene devam etmi\u015ftir.
\n1595 y\u0131l\u0131nda Veziriazam Koca Sinan Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Eflak\u2019ta Prens Mihal\u2019e yenilmesi \u00fczerine Tuna\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6b\u00fcr yakas\u0131nda kalan binlerce Ak\u0131nc\u0131 \u015fehit olmu\u015f, y\u00fcz binin \u00fczerinde Ak\u0131nc\u0131 at\u0131 telef olmu\u015ftu.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131 atl\u0131lar\u0131 uzun mesafeyi k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ko\u015fmak \u00fczere ve pek \u00e7ok meziyetlere sahip olarak yeti\u015ftiriliyordu.
\nBu atlar\u0131n y\u00fcz binlercesinin yok olmas\u0131yla da Ak\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
\nOn alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131ldan sonra say\u0131lar\u0131 iyice azalan Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar geri hizmetlerde kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve yerlerini k\u0131r\u0131m hanlar\u0131n\u0131n emri alt\u0131ndaki Tatar askerleri alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nAk\u0131nc\u0131 ad\u0131 1826\u2032da tamamen ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015f, dillere destan, t\u00fcrk\u00fc ve filmlere konu olan yi\u011fitler tamamen tarihe kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nHo\u015f\u00e7a kal\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Say\u0131n Emin K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 soruyor: SORU: Malko\u00e7o\u011flu gibi tarih\u00ee filmleri izledi\u011fimizde Ak\u0131nc\u0131lardan s\u00f6z ediliyor. \u00d6yle ki Ak\u0131nc\u0131 olmak isteyenler bir \u00e7ok s\u0131navlardan ge\u00e7iriliyor\u2026 Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n dur durak bilmeden tek ba\u015f\u0131na at ko\u015fturmalar\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015fmanlarla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girmeleri bana heyecan veriyor. Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar \u00fczerine \u015fiir yazan \u00fcnl\u00fc \u015fairleri de hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum. \u201cBin atl\u0131 ak\u0131nlarda \u00e7ocuklar gibi \u015fendik\u2026\u201ddiye ba\u015flayan dizelerde de kalabal\u0131k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":75670,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazi-mert"],"views":80,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75880"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75880\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/75670"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75880"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}