\u0130nterne mail adresime gelen bir soru Say\u0131n Hasan Akt\u00fcrk taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f..Soru Hat sanat\u0131 ile ilgili…:
\nSORU: G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bilgisayarlar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla g\u00fczel yaz\u0131lar ve s\u00fcslemeler yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
\nFakat m\u00fczayedelerde a\u00e7\u0131k art\u0131rma ile eski yaz\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir levha, yirmi milyar, 30 milyara al\u0131c\u0131 buluyor.
\nGe\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda 40 sayfal\u0131k el yazmas\u0131 eser K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca t\u0131pk\u0131bas\u0131m tekni\u011fiyle milyarlar harcanarak bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.
\nB\u00fcy\u00fck camilerde hat sanat\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok g\u00fczel yaz\u0131lar var.
\nHat sanat\u0131yla ilgili bilgi verir misiniz?
\nCEVAP: Hat sanat\u0131, g\u00fczel yaz\u0131 yazma sanat\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u0130slam sanat\u0131 olarak \u00f6nce Do\u011fu \u00fclkelerinde benimsenen bir sanat koludur.
\nKur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019in kitap haline getirilmesinden sonra pek \u00e7ok sanatk\u00e2r, Hat sanat\u0131 ile ilgilenmi\u015ftir.
\nArap\u00e7a \u2018hatt\u2019 mastar\u0131ndan t\u00fcreyen yaz\u0131, \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r, yol anlamlar\u0131na gelen hat kelimesi, terim olarak \u201cArap yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 estetik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclere ba\u011fl\u0131 kal\u0131p g\u00fczel bir \u015fekilde yazma sanat\u0131 (h\u00fcsn-i hat)\u201d anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nBat\u0131da h\u00fcsn-i hat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda calligraphy (kaligrafi) kelimesi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ansiklopediler kaligrafi s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u201cG\u00fczel yazma, genellikle estetik kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131 kalarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc yazma sanat\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u00d6nce Araplar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan Arap yaz\u0131s\u0131yla an\u0131lan hat, hicretten birka\u00e7 as\u0131r sonra \u0130slam \u00fcmmetinin ortak de\u011feri haline gelmi\u015f ve \u0130slam hatt\u0131 vasf\u0131n\u0131 kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u0130stanbul, T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan fethedildikten sonra hat sanat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz merkezi olmu\u015ftur.
\nB\u00fct\u00fcn \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z kabul edilen bu ger\u00e7ek en g\u00fczel bi\u00e7imde \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle ifadesini bulmu\u015ftur: \u201cKur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim Hicaz’da nazil oldu, M\u0131s\u0131r’da okundu, \u0130stanbul’da yaz\u0131ld\u0131.\u201d B\u00fct\u00fcn \u0130slam alemi hat sanat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenebilmek i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul\u2019a ko\u015fmu\u015ftur.
\nEkol olmu\u015f T\u00fcrk hattatlar\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: \u015eeyh Hamdullah, Ahmed Karahisari, Haf\u0131z Osman, Mustafa Rak\u0131m, Mahmut Celaleddin Efendi, Yesarizade Mustafa \u0130zzet Efendi\u2019dir.
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde yeti\u015fen hat sanatk\u00e2rlar\u0131ndan en ba\u015fta geleni, Amasyal\u0131 \u015eeyh Hamdullah\u2019t\u0131r.
\n\u015eeyh Hamdullah\u2019\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu Divani, Celi Divani, Siyakat gibi yaz\u0131 t\u00fcrleri be\u015fy\u00fcz y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle kendinden sonra gelenlere \u00f6rnek olmu\u015ftur.
\n\u015eeyh Hamdullah bin kadar En\u2019am ve dua kitab\u0131 ile 47 adet elyazmas\u0131 Kur\u2019an yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nS\u00fcleymaniye Camii\u2019nin yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fleyen, ayr\u0131ca H\u0131rka-i Saadet i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck boy Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim yazan Ahmet Karahisari isimli hattat da \u015eeyh Hamdullah ile ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u015eeyh Hamdullah\u2019tan 150 y\u0131l sonra ya\u015fayan Haf\u0131z Osman\u2019\u0131n a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hat Sanat\u0131 ile ilgili okul, t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkelerde \u00fcn yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r .
\nPadi\u015fah tu\u011fralar\u0131n\u0131 yapan \u00fcnl\u00fc hattat Mustafa da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hattatt\u0131r.
\nMahmut Celaleddin, Yesarizade Mustafa \u0130zzet, Sami Bey gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck hattatlar, g\u00fczel s\u00fcslemeler yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.
\nHatt\u0131n en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6rne\u011fine h\u00fcrde (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck), gubari (toz kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yaz\u0131) veya hafi (gizli) ad\u0131 verilir.
\n\u201cH\u00fcrde\u201d yaz\u0131 ile yaz\u0131lan eserler \u00e7ok azd\u0131r.
\nFatiha S\u00fbresini pirin\u00e7 tanesi \u00fczerine yazan hattatlar vard\u0131r.
\nOsmanl\u0131larda hattatl\u0131k belli kurallara g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.
\nHat \u00f6\u011frenmeye mahalle mektebinde ba\u015flan\u0131r, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n kabiliyetleri rika, s\u00fcl\u00fcs, nesih gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli yaz\u0131lar yazd\u0131r\u0131larak geli\u015ftirilirdi.
\n\u00d6\u011frencileri yeti\u015ftiren hattatlar\u0131n izni olmadan yeti\u015fen hi\u00e7bir \u00f6\u011frenci eserinin alt\u0131na imza atamazd\u0131. Bu izne \u0130cazetname denirdi.
\nBir \u00f6\u011frencinin icazetname alabilmesi \u0130\u00e7in camide icazet merasimi yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.
\nBu merasimde yeni hattat\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131, hat \u00fcstatlar\u0131ndan meydana gelen bir hat j\u00fcrisine sunulurdu.
\nBu hattatlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131, as\u0131l hocan\u0131n izin yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda kendilerine ayr\u0131lan yerde, ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 bu icazeti onaylarlar ve yeni meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 tebrik ettiklerini bildirirlerdi.
\nBunlara Arap\u00e7a yaz\u0131 yazd\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131. Buna \u201cicazet tasdiki\u201d denirdi.
\n31 May\u0131s 1914\u2019de hattat yeti\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla Medreset\u2019\u00fcl -Hattatin ad\u0131nda bir okul a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve medreselerin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131yla Hattat Mektebi ad\u0131yla faaliyet g\u00f6steren bu kurulu\u015f, 1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeni harflerin kabul\u00fc ile birlikte \u00f6\u011fretimine son vermi\u015ftir.
\nHo\u015f\u00e7a kal\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130nterne mail adresime gelen bir soru Say\u0131n Hasan Akt\u00fcrk taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f..Soru Hat sanat\u0131 ile ilgili…: SORU: G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bilgisayarlar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla g\u00fczel yaz\u0131lar ve s\u00fcslemeler yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Fakat m\u00fczayedelerde a\u00e7\u0131k art\u0131rma ile eski yaz\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir levha, yirmi milyar, 30 milyara al\u0131c\u0131 buluyor. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda 40 sayfal\u0131k el yazmas\u0131 eser K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca t\u0131pk\u0131bas\u0131m tekni\u011fiyle milyarlar harcanarak bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":71120,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71119","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazi-mert"],"views":63,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71119","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71119"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71119\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71120"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}