{"id":124705,"date":"2026-02-09T10:58:45","date_gmt":"2026-02-09T07:58:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/?p=124705"},"modified":"2026-02-09T10:58:45","modified_gmt":"2026-02-09T07:58:45","slug":"gecmisin-isigini-gelecege-tasimak-hat-sanatinin-gecirdigi-evreler-ve-unlu-hattatlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/2026\/02\/09\/gecmisin-isigini-gelecege-tasimak-hat-sanatinin-gecirdigi-evreler-ve-unlu-hattatlar\/","title":{"rendered":"GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015e\u0130N I\u015eI\u011eINI GELECE\u011eE TA\u015eIMAK: HAT SANATININ GE\u00c7\u0130RD\u0130\u011e\u0130 EVRELER VE \u00dcNL\u00dc HATTATLAR\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Bug\u00fcn sizlere yok olmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015f bir sanat dal\u0131ndan, Hat sanat\u0131ndan, g\u00fczel yaz\u0131 yazma sanat\u0131ndan bahsetmek istiyorum.<\/div>\n
Hat sanat\u0131 yani g\u00fczel yaz\u0131 yazma sanat\u0131 denilince Arap harfleri \u00e7evresinde olu\u015fmu\u015f g\u00fczel yaz\u0131 sanat\u0131 akla gelir.<\/div>\n
Bu sanat Arap harflerinin 6.-10. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi uzunca bir geli\u015fme d\u00f6neminden sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
T\u00fcrkler, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduktan ve Arap alfabesini benimsedikten sonra uzun bir s\u00fcre hat sanat\u0131na herhangi bir katk\u0131da bulunmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
T\u00fcrkler hat sanat\u0131yla ilgilenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar ve bu alanda en parlak d\u00f6nemlerini de Osmanl\u0131lar zaman\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/div>\n
T\u00fcrk hat sanat\u0131n\u0131n kurucusu say\u0131lan \u015eeyh Hamdullah’\u0131n \u00fcslup ve anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 17. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/div>\n
Haf\u0131z Osman (1642-98) Arap yaz\u0131s\u0131na estetik bak\u0131mdan en olgun bi\u00e7imini kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/div>\n
Bu tarihten sonra yeti\u015fen hattatlar\u0131n hepsi Haf\u0131z Osman’\u0131 izlemi\u015flerdir.<\/div>\n
T\u00fcrk hat sanat\u0131 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda da parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc, ama 1928’de Arap alfabesinden Latin alfabesine ge\u00e7ilince yayg\u0131n bir sanat olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p yaln\u0131zca belirli e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011fretilen geleneksel bir sanat durumuna geldi.<\/div>\n
Hat sanat\u0131nda yaz\u0131lar b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcklerine g\u00f6re de farkl\u0131 adlarla an\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Duvarlara as\u0131lan levhalarda, cami, t\u00fcrbe gibi dini yap\u0131lardaki ku\u015fak ve kubbe yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda, her t\u00fcr yaz\u0131tta kullan\u0131lan ve uzaktan okunabilen yaz\u0131lara iri anlam\u0131nda celi ad\u0131 verilirdi.<\/div>\n
Hat sanat\u0131nda da yaz\u0131n\u0131n temel arac\u0131 kalemdir.<\/div>\n
Hat sanat\u0131nda kalem olarak daha \u00e7ok kam\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Kam\u0131\u015f\u0131n ucu yaz\u0131lacak yaz\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re makta denilen sert maddelerden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f altl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde e\u011fik olarak tutulur ve kalemt\u0131ra\u015f olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00f6zel bir b\u0131\u00e7akla yontulurdu.<\/div>\n
Celi yaz\u0131lar ise a\u011fa\u00e7tan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kal\u0131n u\u00e7lu kalemlerle yaz\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/div>\n
\u00c7ok ince yaz\u0131lar i\u00e7in madeni u\u00e7lar da kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Hat sanat\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan m\u00fcrekkep de \u00f6zel olarak haz\u0131rlan\u0131rd\u0131. Ya\u011fl\u0131 isin \u00e7e\u015fitli katk\u0131 maddeleriyle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilen bu m\u00fcrekkep ak\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde yaz\u0131 yazmay\u0131 sa\u011flar, yanl\u0131\u015f yazma durumunda da kolayca silinirdi.<\/div>\n
Hat sanat\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ka\u011f\u0131tlar da \u00f6zeldi. M\u00fcrekkebi emip da\u011f\u0131tmamas\u0131, kaleme ak\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k sa\u011flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in ka\u011f\u0131tlar ahar denilen bir maddeyle saydamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/div>\n
Hat sanat\u0131yla u\u011fra\u015fan ki\u015fiye \u201cg\u00fczel yaz\u0131 yazan sanat\u00e7\u0131\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen \u201chattat\u201d ad\u0131 verilir.<\/div>\n
Hattatlar y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyu usta-\u00e7\u0131rak ili\u015fkisi i\u00e7inde yeti\u015fmi\u015flerdir.<\/div>\n
Hat sanat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmeye heveslenen ki\u015fi bir hattattan ders al\u0131rd\u0131.<\/div>\n
Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma niteli\u011finde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara dayanan ve \u201cme\u015fk\u201d ad\u0131 verilen bu dersler tek tek harflerin yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenilmesiyle ba\u015flar, harflerin birle\u015fme bi\u00e7imleriyle, s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin ve t\u00fcmcelerin yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f tarzlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenilmesiyle s\u00fcrerdi.<\/div>\n
Ortalama \u00fc\u00e7 be\u015f y\u0131l kadar s\u00fcren bu e\u011fitimin sonunda hattat aday\u0131 iki ya da \u00fc\u00e7 hattat\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde yaz\u0131 yazarak bir \u00e7e\u015fit s\u0131nav verirdi.<\/div>\n
Hattatlar bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 be\u011fenirlerse alt\u0131na imzalar\u0131n\u0131 koyarlard\u0131.<\/div>\n
Buna, ba\u015far\u0131 ya da izin belgesi anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cicazetname\u201d ad\u0131 verilirdi. \u0130cazetname almam\u0131\u015f ki\u015fi hattat say\u0131lmaz, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yaz\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na ad\u0131n\u0131 koyamazd\u0131.<\/div>\n
Hat sanat\u0131 g\u00fczel yaz\u0131 yazma sanat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\u0130slam sanat\u0131 olarak \u00f6nce do\u011fu \u00fclkelerinde benimsenen bir sanat koludur.<\/div>\n
Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019in kitap haline getirilmesinden sonra pek \u00e7ok sanatk\u00e2r, Hat sanat\u0131 ile ilgilenmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde yeti\u015fen hat sanatk\u00e2rlar\u0131ndan en ba\u015fta geleni, Amasyal\u0131 \u015eeyh Hamdullah\u2019t\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\u015eeyh Hamdullah\u2019\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu Divani, Celi Divani, Siyakat gibi yaz\u0131 t\u00fcrleri be\u015fy\u00fcz y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle kendinden sonra gelenlere \u00f6rnek olmu\u015ftur.<\/div>\n
\u015eeyh Hamdullah bin kadar En\u2019am ve dua kitab\u0131 ile 47 adet elyazmas\u0131 Kur\u2019an yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
S\u00fcleymaniye Camii\u2019nin yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fleyen, ayr\u0131ca H\u0131rka-i Saadet i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck boy Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim yazan Ahmet Karahisari isimli hattat da \u015eeyh Hamdullah ile ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\u015eeyh Hamdullah\u2019tan 150 y\u0131l sonra ya\u015fayan Haf\u0131z Osman\u2019\u0131n a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hat Sanat\u0131 ile ilgili okul, t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkelerde \u00fcn yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r .<\/div>\n
Padi\u015fah tu\u011fralar\u0131n\u0131 yapan \u00fcnl\u00fc hattat Mustafa da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hattatt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Mahmut Celaleddin, Yesarizade Mustafa \u0130zzet, Sami Bey gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck hattatlar, g\u00fczel s\u00fcslemeler yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Hatt\u0131n en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6rne\u011fine h\u00fcrde (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck), gubari (toz kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yaz\u0131) veya hafi (gizli) ad\u0131 verilir.<\/div>\n
H\u00fcrde yaz\u0131 ile yaz\u0131lan eserler \u00e7ok azd\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Fatiha S\u00fbresini pirin\u00e7 tanesi \u00fczerine yazan hattatlar vard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Osmanl\u0131larda hattatl\u0131k belli kurallara g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.<\/div>\n
Hat \u00f6\u011frenmeye mahalle mektebinde ba\u015flan\u0131r, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n kabiliyetleri rika, s\u00fcl\u00fcs, nesih gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli yaz\u0131lar yazd\u0131r\u0131larak geli\u015ftirilirdi.<\/div>\n
\u00d6\u011frencileri yeti\u015ftiren hattatlar\u0131n izni olmadan yeti\u015fen hi\u00e7bir \u00f6\u011frenci eserinin alt\u0131na imza atamazd\u0131.<\/div>\n
Bu izne \u0130cazetname denirdi.<\/div>\n
Bir \u00f6\u011frencinin icazetname alabilmesi \u0130\u00e7in camide icazet merasimi yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/div>\n
Bu merasimde yeni hattat\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131, hat \u00fcstatlar\u0131ndan meydana gelen bir hat j\u00fcrisine sunulurdu.<\/div>\n
Bu hattatlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131, as\u0131l hocan\u0131n izin yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda kendilerine ayr\u0131lan yerde, ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 bu icazeti onaylarlar ve yeni meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 tebrik ettiklerini bildirirlerdi.<\/div>\n
Bunlara Arap\u00e7a yaz\u0131 yazd\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131. Buna \u201cicazet tasdiki\u201d denirdi.<\/div>\n
31 May\u0131s 1914\u2019de hattat yeti\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla Medreset\u2019\u00fcl -Hattatin ad\u0131nda bir okul a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve medreselerin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131yla Hattat Mektebi ad\u0131yla faaliyet g\u00f6steren bu kurulu\u015f, 1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeni harflerin kabul\u00fc ile birlikte \u00f6\u011fretimine son vermi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
Ho\u015f\u00e7a kal\u0131n\u0131z.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Bug\u00fcn sizlere yok olmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015f bir sanat dal\u0131ndan, Hat sanat\u0131ndan, g\u00fczel yaz\u0131 yazma sanat\u0131ndan bahsetmek istiyorum. Hat sanat\u0131 yani g\u00fczel yaz\u0131 yazma sanat\u0131 denilince Arap harfleri \u00e7evresinde olu\u015fmu\u015f g\u00fczel yaz\u0131 sanat\u0131 akla gelir. Bu sanat Arap harflerinin 6.-10. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi uzunca bir geli\u015fme d\u00f6neminden sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkler, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduktan ve Arap alfabesini […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":124513,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-124705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazi-mert"],"views":390,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124705","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124705"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124705\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124706,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124705\/revisions\/124706"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/124513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mersingazetesi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}